Journal: Experimental cell research

Article Title: Phosphate Uptake-Independent Signaling Functions of the Type III Sodium-Dependent Phosphate Transporter, PiT-1, in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.02.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Matrix calcium content was quantified from PiT-1 ΔSM VSMCs expressing vector control, PiT-1 WT, or PiT-1-E74K that were induced to mineralize in normal Pi (1.0 mM) or elevated Pi (2.6 mM) for 8 days. (B) Rate of apoptosis was determined after incubation in normal or elevated Pi for 2 or 5 days. (C) Calcification was quantified of PiT-1 ΔSM VSMCs expressing vector control, PiT-1 WT, PiT-1-E74K, PiT-1-S132A, or PiT-1-S623A, and data is presented as fold-induction over vector control for each experiment by cell line. (D) Correlation analysis between calcification and calculated sodium-dependent Pi uptake Vmax parameter for each cell line is presented, with a horizontal dash indicating average value of data points and a dashed regression line with the coefficient of correlation indicating linear correlation. Data is presented as mean ± S.D. (A–C), or as single points for linear regression (D). Statistically significant differences between indicated means (A) or compared to vector control (C) are indicated by * = P<0.05, determined by One-way ANOVA post-hoc Tukey analysis.

Article Snippet: Apoptosis was determined through FITC-conjugated Annexin V flow cytometry using the FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit (BD Pharmagen), following manufacturer’s protocol.

Techniques: Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Control, Incubation

Journal: Journal of Extracellular Vesicles

Article Title: Taenia solium cysticerci's extracellular vesicles Attenuate the AKT/mTORC1 pathway for Alleviating DSS‐induced colitis in a murine model

doi: 10.1002/jev2.12448

Figure Lengend Snippet: T. solium ‐derived EV induces apoptosis in macrophages. (a) dTHP‐1 cells were treated with EV, and caspase 3 expression was analysed using immunoblotting. Densitometric analysis of caspase 9 and cleaved expression after EV treatment. (b) Immunoblot analysis p‐AKT, p‐AKT, cleaved caspase‐3 and cleaved caspase‐9 of dTHP‐1 cells stimulated with EV and heat‐inactivated EVs. (c) dTHP‐1 cells were stimulated with EVs, and apoptosis was measured using FTIC‐annexin V/PI assay on flow cytometry. (d) Primary macrophages were stimulated with EVs, and apoptosis was measured using FTIC‐annexin V/PI assay on flow cytometry. (e) Primary macrophages were treated with EV and caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3 expression was analysed using immunoblotting. Images are representative for three independent biological experiments. Statistical analysis values, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 are compared to control or as indicated. HI, heat inactivated.

Article Snippet: Apoptosis induced by EV in the cells was quantified through the utilization of the FITC Annexin V apoptosis detection kit I (BD PharmingenTM, USA, 556547), following the established methodology demonstrated previously (Kim et al., ).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, Control